Marshall Apparatus. Standards -ASTM D1559 BS:598-197, EN-12697-34. Most frequently used test by highway departments, contractors, engineers, testing laboratories and governmental agencies is the stability test using Marshall Apparatus. The test is intended for the measurement of the resistance to plastic flow of cylindrical specimens of. Marshall Stability Test as per ASTM D 1559 & IRC 111 OBJECTIVES To determine the strength (Marshall Stability Value) and flexibility (flow value) for the given bitumen mixture. To determine the density-voids analysis for the given bituminous mixture; To determine the suitability of bituminous.
Astm D1559 Marshall Pdf Download. Pre- calibrated proving ring of 5 tonnes capacity is fixed on the upper end of the machine, specimen contained in the test head is placed in between the base and the proving ring. The load jack produces a uniform vertical moment of 5 cm per minute. Machine is capable of reversing its moment downward also. ASTM D1559 MARSHALL PDF. Posted on September 3, 2020 by admin. Voids analysis and stability – flow test. Strength is measured in terms of the ‘ Marshall’s Stability’ of the mix following the specification ASTM D , which. To design the Asphalt concrete.
voids analysis and stability – flow test. Strength is measured in terms of the ‘ Marshall’s Stability’ of the mix following the specification ASTM D (), which. To design the Asphalt concrete mix using Marshall method. . Max. Min. Max. Marshall specimens. (ASTM D ). No. of comp. Blows, each end of specimen. (ASTM – D – & MS-2) The original Marshall method is applicable only to hot-mix asphalt paving mixtures containing aggregates with.
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Astm D1559 Marshall Pdf Download
Marshall compaction moulds All moulds are made from steel, protected against corrosion. Linear Potentiometric Displacement Transducer, 25×0. Posted by SatyaPrasad at 1: Prior to the test, the operator can marshll travel limits for automatically ending the test. All the accessories have to be ordered separately. Marshall Stability and Flow values: The load jack, DC motor and controls are housed in an ergonomic cabinet. All moving parts are protected with safety guard, which stop automatically the compactor when opened and the control panel is fit with an emergency stop red When the test is completed, marzhall sharpest slope of the graph is calculated.
Two compaction hammers are recommended. Test reports can be instantly printed using an optional thermal printer. Software can be used to get additional advanges described in the d1595 below. The compaction mould assembly and hammer are cleaned and kept pre-heated to a temperature of 0 C to 0 C. The machine comprises of a robust, ashm two column bench type compression frame with adjustable upper cross beam.
The firmware allows performance of transducer calibrations and setting of up to 10 test profiles, saving data onboard. Six graphs are plotted with values of bitumen content against the values of: Least count of 0.
The mixing temperature may be 0 to 0 C.
Astm D1559 Marshall Pdf File
ASTM D, Test equipment Controls
![Pdf Pdf](https://mbt-testing.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Digital-Marshall-Test-3.jpg)
The stability value is calculated regarding this factor. The loss of stability on immersion in water at 60 0 C.
Parameters such as test information, user information, sample information and test parameters can be modified and saved for later use by operators.
A limit switch is provided for the bottom limit of travel. The machine has built-in data acquisition with four channels dedicated to two strain gauge load cells and two potentiometric linear transducers; one of each can be used during the test. The software supports SI, Imperial and kgf unit system. Mould holder provided consisting of spring tension device designed to hold compaction mould centered in place on compaction pedestal.
Three specimens should be prepared at each trial bitumen content, which may be varied at 0. This will normally be about gm 2. Realmspeak for mac. Mixes with high Marshall stability values and very low Flow values are not desirable as the pavements of such mixes may be brittle and are likely to crack under heavy traffic.
Machine is capable of reversing its movement downward also. In the Marshall method each compacted test specimen is subjected to the following tests and analysis in the order listed below: The specific gravity and apparent specific gravity values of the different aggregates, filler and bitumen used are determined first.
Furthermore, the test stroke can be set at the beginning of the test with automatic stop, avoiding to overload the machine and the specimen, thus assuring the operator safety. The machine is fit with a precision strain gauge load cell and displacement transducer, both connected to the Digimax Each test requires a list of accessories depending on the type of test and on the reference standard.
The front panel is also fitted with an emergency button and two operating led: Determination of Optimum Bitumen Content: Take the sample as mentioned above, and heated to a temperature of 0 to 0 C.
The main advantage of this machine is its high flexibility as a general purpose testing system, ensured by its generous dimensions which allow the placement of an Weigh into separate pans for each test specimen the amount of each size fraction required to produce a batch that will result in a compacted specimen Home To top Share.
Astm D1559 Marshall Pdf Converter
Circulating water bath with cooler unit for Marshall. The software includes control of machine, acquisition of load and displacement data, saving them and generating reports. To determine the stability, flow, voids, voids in mineral aggregates, voids filled with asphalt and density of the asphalt mixture by Marshall stability test.
In case the mix designed does not fulfill any one or more of the design requirements, the gradation of the aggregates or filler content or bitumen content or combination of these are altered and the design tests are repeated till all the requirements are simultaneously fulfilled. General lab – Ovens and hot plates: Let the bitumen contents corresponding to maximum density be B1, corresponding to maximum stability be B2 and that corresponding to the specified voids content Va 4.
At least three samples are prepared for each binder content. The bitumen is heated to temperature of 0 to 0 C and the required quantity of first trial percentage of bitumen say, 3.
Automatic Marshall Stability Test Machine
The pedestal should be installed on concrete slab so that the post marsahll plumb and the cap is level. Bruce Marshall, a former Bituminous Engineer with the Mississippi State Highway Department, formulated the concepts of the Marshall method of designing paving mixtures. Amrshall aggregate size more than 25mm use the Modified Marshall method. The measuring system consists of a 50 kN capacity strain gauge load cell fitted to the upper cross beam and a 25 x 0.
Newer Post Older Post Home. The software accepts specimen diameter and height as an input parameter. All the design values of Marshall stability, flow, voids and VFB are checked at the Optimum Bitumen Content, with the specified design requirements of the mix.
Apr 02, 2019 There are plenty of tutorials on how to install Ubuntu on the Chromebox either as a dual-boot or replacement. And warranty info. The chromebox uses the same AC adapter that Asus's laptops use (I think). WinToUSB (also called Windows To USB) allows you to install. Asus Chromebox CN62 (Celeron 3205U/Core i3 5015U/Core i7 5500U). Jan 15, 2017 Asus Chromebox with Full Linux Install was published on February 12, 2015. Using Mimic Importer On Windows. ASUS Chromebox can act as a data center for your desktop. Does it do anything more than Chrome on Windows? The Asus Chromebox is a surprisingly capable little desktop computer which sells. But if you expect to install a large number of Chrome. Apr 29, 2017 Now insert the Windows 10 USB drive and Chromebox should boot from it. If not, try resetting again and you should have a boot option prompt. Some final notes. At this point you have updated Chromebox’s firmware and you can now proceed to install Windows 10. With the firmware updated, audio over HDMI is supported. Can you install windows on asus chromebox. Feb 10, 2017 Updated 2015-07-06 Seeing there have been quite a few questions about running Windows on the Chromebox recently, all of which being asked in what really seems to be the wrong thread for this, let's create a new thread, specifically for all questions related to running Windows on the Asus/HP/Acer/Dell Chromebox, and our experiences with it. Audio does not seem to work, otherwise it. Windows 8 on USB hard drive running on Asus Chromebox, no audio (self.chromeos) submitted 4 years ago by OmegaDog I am writing this article on Windows 8 running on my Asus Chromebox, booting from a USB hard drive. Hacking an ASUS chromebox Raw.
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Marshall Stability Test as per ASTM D 1559 & IRC 111
OBJECTIVES
To determine the strength (Marshall Stability Value) and flexibility (flow value) for the given bitumen mixture.
To determine the density-voids analysis for the given bituminous mixture;
To determine the suitability of bituminous mixture to meet the specified criteria for the surface course.
INTRODUCTION
Bruce Marshall, formerly bituminous engineer with Mississippi State Highway Department, USA formulated Marshall Method for designing bituminous mixes.
This test is done to determine the Marshall stability of bituminous mixture. The principle of this test is that Marshall Stability is the resistance to plastic flow of cylindrical specimens of a bituminous mixture loaded on the lateral surface at 5 cm per minute. It is the load carrying capacity of the mix at 60 degree and is measured in kg.
The sample needed is From Marshall stability graph, select proportions of coarse aggregates, fine aggregates and filler in such a way, so as to fulfill the required specification. The total weight of the mix should be 1200 gm for one specimen.
CONCEPT AND SIGNIFICANCE
The test procedure is used in designing and evaluating bituminous paving mixes and is widely applied in routine test programmes for the paving jobs. The major features of the Marshall Method of designing mixes are to determine the two important properties ofstrength and flexibility.
Strength is measured in terms of the “Marshall’s Stability” of the mix which is defined as the maximum load carried by a compacted specimen at a standard test temperature of 60 degree. This temperature represents the weakest condition for a bituminous pavement in use.
The flexibility is measured in terms of the “Flow Value” which is measured by the change in diameter of the sample in the direction of lad application between the start of loading and the time of maximum load. In this test an attempt is made to obtainoptimum binder content for the aggregate mix type and traffic intensity.
EQUIPMENT/APPARATUS
The apparatus for the Marshall Stability test consists of the following:
Specimen Mould Assembly comprising mould cylinders 10 cm diameter x 7.5 cm height, base plate and extension collars. They are designed to be interchanged with either end of cylindrical mould. Three mould cylinders are recommended.
Specimen extractor for extracting the compacted specimen from the mould. A suitable bar is required to transfer load from the extension collar to the upper proving ring attachment while extracting the specimen
Compaction Rammers having a flat circular tamping face 4.5kg sliding weight constructed to provide a free fall of 45.7cm. Two compaction rammers are recommended.
Compaction pedestal consisting of a 20 x 20 x 45 cm wooden block capped with a 30
30 x 2.5 cm MS plate to hold the mould assembly in position during compaction. Mould holder is provided consisting of spring tension device designed to hold compaction mould in place on the compaction pedestal.
Breaking head. The Breaking head consist of upper and lower cylindrical segments or test heads having an inside radius curvature of 5 cm. The lower segment is mounted on a base having two perpendicular guide rods which facilitate insertion in the holes of upper test segments. assembly with provision to fix flow meter
Loading Machine motorized, loading machine is provided with a gear system to lift the upward direction. Recalibrated proving ring of 5 tone capacity is fixed on the upper end of the machine, specimen contained in the test head is placed in between the base and the proving ring. The loading jack produces uniform vertical movement of 5 cm/ min. Machine is capable of reversing its movement downward also. This facilitates adequate space for placing test head system. After one specimen has been tested.
Flow Meter. The flow meter consists of guide sieve and a gauge. The activating pin of the gauge slides inside the guide sleeve with a slide amount f fractional resistance. Least count of 0.025mm is adequate. The flow value refer top the total vertical upward movement form the initial position at zero load to value at maximum load. The dial; gauge at the flow meter should be able to measure accurately the total vertical movement upward.
In addition to the above the following general equipments are also required
Oven or hot plates Mixing Apparatus
Water Bath
Thermometer of range up to 2000C with sensitively of 2.5 degree Celsius
Miscellaneous Equipment's are like container, mixing and handling tools etc.
PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMEN
The coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, and the filler materials should be proportioned so as to fulfill the requirements of the relevant standards. The required quantity of the mix is taken so as to produce compacted bituminous mix specimens of thickness 63.5 mm approximately.
Take 1200 gm of coarse aggregates, fine aggregates and filler material (as per grading requirement given in table) to produce the desired thickness.
The aggregates are heated to a temperature of 175° to 190°C the compaction mould assembly and rammer are cleaned and kept pre-heated to a temperature of 100°C to 145°C.
The bitumen is heated to a temperature of 121°C to 138°C and the required amount of first trial of bitumen is added to the heated aggregate and thoroughly mixed using a mechanical mixer or by hand mixing with trowel.
The mixing temperature for 110 grade bitumen may be around 154°C and that for60/70 grade about 160°C.
The total quantity of mix is placed in a mould and compacted by rammer with 75 blows. Invert the sample, and compact the other face with the same number of blows.
The compacting temperature should be about 138°C for 80/100 grade bitumen and 149°C for 60/70 grade.
After compaction, invert the mould. With the collar of the bottom, remove the base and extract the sample by pushing it out the extractor.
The compacted specimen should have a thickness of 63.5 mm.
Allow the sample to stand for a few hours to cool.
Obtain the sample’s mass in air and submerged, to measure density of specimen, so as to allow, calculation of the voids properties.
NOTES:
At least 2 specimens (but preferably 3 or 4 specimen) for each combination of aggregate and bitumen should be prepared.
For surface course with 12 mm aggregate, the expected optimum bitumen content may be about 6.5 %. Therefore specimen should be made at 5.5 %, 6.0%, 6.5 %, 7.0 % and 7.5 % bitumen content.
TEST PROCEDURE
In conducting the stability test, the specimen are heated at a temperature of 60±10 C (37.8 ± 10C for specimens in which tar has been used in place bitumen), either in a water bath for 30-40 minutes or in an oven for a minimum of 2 hours.
Remove the specimens from the water bath (or oven) and place the lower segment of the breaking head. Then place the upper segment of the breaking head on the specimen and place the complete assembly in position of the Marshall testing machine.
Place the flow meter (dial gauge) over one of the post and adjust into read zero.
Apply a load at a rate of 50 mm per minute until the maximum load reading is obtained.
Record the maximum load in Newton (N). At the same instant obtain the flow as recorded on the flow meter in unit of mm.
The total time between removing the specimen from the bath and completion of the test should not exceed 30 seconds.
RECORD OF OBSERVATIONS
Mass of aggregates in mixing pan = 1200 gm
Mass of bitumen added ………………………………… gm
Bitumen content …………………………………………… %
Heating Temperature Aggregates ………………… 0C Bitumen ……………………. 0C
Mixing ……………………….0C
Compacting temperature ………………………………0C
Number of blows with hammer per face ………Nos
Mass of specimen in air ‘Wm” ………………………. gm
Mass submerged ‘Ww’ ………………………………. gm
Diameter of Specimen …………………………………. cm
Thickness of specimen …………………………………. cm
Volume of specimen ‘Vm’ ………………………………. cm3
NOTE:
The measured stability of a specimen multiplied by the ration for the thickness of specimen is equal to the corrected stability for a 63.5 mm specimen.
Volume-thickness relationship is based on a specimen diameter of 10 cm.
Detailed procedure along with calculations, correction factors etc is attached below.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the strength (Marshall Stability Value) and flexibility (flow value) for the given bitumen mixture.
To determine the density-voids analysis for the given bituminous mixture;
To determine the suitability of bituminous mixture to meet the specified criteria for the surface course.
INTRODUCTION
Bruce Marshall, formerly bituminous engineer with Mississippi State Highway Department, USA formulated Marshall Method for designing bituminous mixes.
This test is done to determine the Marshall stability of bituminous mixture. The principle of this test is that Marshall Stability is the resistance to plastic flow of cylindrical specimens of a bituminous mixture loaded on the lateral surface at 5 cm per minute. It is the load carrying capacity of the mix at 60 degree and is measured in kg.
The sample needed is From Marshall stability graph, select proportions of coarse aggregates, fine aggregates and filler in such a way, so as to fulfill the required specification. The total weight of the mix should be 1200 gm for one specimen.
CONCEPT AND SIGNIFICANCE
The test procedure is used in designing and evaluating bituminous paving mixes and is widely applied in routine test programmes for the paving jobs. The major features of the Marshall Method of designing mixes are to determine the two important properties ofstrength and flexibility.
Strength is measured in terms of the “Marshall’s Stability” of the mix which is defined as the maximum load carried by a compacted specimen at a standard test temperature of 60 degree. This temperature represents the weakest condition for a bituminous pavement in use.
The flexibility is measured in terms of the “Flow Value” which is measured by the change in diameter of the sample in the direction of lad application between the start of loading and the time of maximum load. In this test an attempt is made to obtainoptimum binder content for the aggregate mix type and traffic intensity.
EQUIPMENT/APPARATUS
The apparatus for the Marshall Stability test consists of the following:
Specimen Mould Assembly comprising mould cylinders 10 cm diameter x 7.5 cm height, base plate and extension collars. They are designed to be interchanged with either end of cylindrical mould. Three mould cylinders are recommended.
Specimen extractor for extracting the compacted specimen from the mould. A suitable bar is required to transfer load from the extension collar to the upper proving ring attachment while extracting the specimen
Compaction Rammers having a flat circular tamping face 4.5kg sliding weight constructed to provide a free fall of 45.7cm. Two compaction rammers are recommended.
Compaction pedestal consisting of a 20 x 20 x 45 cm wooden block capped with a 30
30 x 2.5 cm MS plate to hold the mould assembly in position during compaction. Mould holder is provided consisting of spring tension device designed to hold compaction mould in place on the compaction pedestal.
Breaking head. The Breaking head consist of upper and lower cylindrical segments or test heads having an inside radius curvature of 5 cm. The lower segment is mounted on a base having two perpendicular guide rods which facilitate insertion in the holes of upper test segments. assembly with provision to fix flow meter
Loading Machine motorized, loading machine is provided with a gear system to lift the upward direction. Recalibrated proving ring of 5 tone capacity is fixed on the upper end of the machine, specimen contained in the test head is placed in between the base and the proving ring. The loading jack produces uniform vertical movement of 5 cm/ min. Machine is capable of reversing its movement downward also. This facilitates adequate space for placing test head system. After one specimen has been tested.
Flow Meter. The flow meter consists of guide sieve and a gauge. The activating pin of the gauge slides inside the guide sleeve with a slide amount f fractional resistance. Least count of 0.025mm is adequate. The flow value refer top the total vertical upward movement form the initial position at zero load to value at maximum load. The dial; gauge at the flow meter should be able to measure accurately the total vertical movement upward.
In addition to the above the following general equipments are also required
Oven or hot plates Mixing Apparatus
Water Bath
Thermometer of range up to 2000C with sensitively of 2.5 degree Celsius
Miscellaneous Equipment's are like container, mixing and handling tools etc.
PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMEN
The coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, and the filler materials should be proportioned so as to fulfill the requirements of the relevant standards. The required quantity of the mix is taken so as to produce compacted bituminous mix specimens of thickness 63.5 mm approximately.
Take 1200 gm of coarse aggregates, fine aggregates and filler material (as per grading requirement given in table) to produce the desired thickness.
The aggregates are heated to a temperature of 175° to 190°C the compaction mould assembly and rammer are cleaned and kept pre-heated to a temperature of 100°C to 145°C.
The bitumen is heated to a temperature of 121°C to 138°C and the required amount of first trial of bitumen is added to the heated aggregate and thoroughly mixed using a mechanical mixer or by hand mixing with trowel.
The mixing temperature for 110 grade bitumen may be around 154°C and that for60/70 grade about 160°C.
The total quantity of mix is placed in a mould and compacted by rammer with 75 blows. Invert the sample, and compact the other face with the same number of blows.
The compacting temperature should be about 138°C for 80/100 grade bitumen and 149°C for 60/70 grade.
After compaction, invert the mould. With the collar of the bottom, remove the base and extract the sample by pushing it out the extractor.
The compacted specimen should have a thickness of 63.5 mm.
Allow the sample to stand for a few hours to cool.
Obtain the sample’s mass in air and submerged, to measure density of specimen, so as to allow, calculation of the voids properties.
NOTES:
At least 2 specimens (but preferably 3 or 4 specimen) for each combination of aggregate and bitumen should be prepared.
For surface course with 12 mm aggregate, the expected optimum bitumen content may be about 6.5 %. Therefore specimen should be made at 5.5 %, 6.0%, 6.5 %, 7.0 % and 7.5 % bitumen content.
TEST PROCEDURE
In conducting the stability test, the specimen are heated at a temperature of 60±10 C (37.8 ± 10C for specimens in which tar has been used in place bitumen), either in a water bath for 30-40 minutes or in an oven for a minimum of 2 hours.
Remove the specimens from the water bath (or oven) and place the lower segment of the breaking head. Then place the upper segment of the breaking head on the specimen and place the complete assembly in position of the Marshall testing machine.
Place the flow meter (dial gauge) over one of the post and adjust into read zero.
Apply a load at a rate of 50 mm per minute until the maximum load reading is obtained.
Record the maximum load in Newton (N). At the same instant obtain the flow as recorded on the flow meter in unit of mm.
The total time between removing the specimen from the bath and completion of the test should not exceed 30 seconds.
RECORD OF OBSERVATIONS
Mass of aggregates in mixing pan = 1200 gm
Mass of bitumen added ………………………………… gm
Bitumen content …………………………………………… %
Heating Temperature Aggregates ………………… 0C Bitumen ……………………. 0C
Mixing ……………………….0C
Compacting temperature ………………………………0C
Number of blows with hammer per face ………Nos
Mass of specimen in air ‘Wm” ………………………. gm
Mass submerged ‘Ww’ ………………………………. gm
Diameter of Specimen …………………………………. cm
Thickness of specimen …………………………………. cm
Volume of specimen ‘Vm’ ………………………………. cm3
NOTE:
The measured stability of a specimen multiplied by the ration for the thickness of specimen is equal to the corrected stability for a 63.5 mm specimen.
Volume-thickness relationship is based on a specimen diameter of 10 cm.
Detailed procedure along with calculations, correction factors etc is attached below.